Procedure Notes for Fat Transfer
Autologous Fat Transfer, Fat graft, Fat Injections
THE GOAL: To smooth (by filling wrinkles) or contour (by increasing volume ) in tissues where fat has shifted or diminished, thereby restoring a healthy, youthful look. A youthful face is accentuated by convexities and an aging one by concavities.
With injectable fillers, we have a number of different choices for ‘lifting’ wrinkles and adding volume. Areas for augmentation include lips, face, hands and elsewhere on the body as well as scar revision. Fillers fall into two categories; permanent and temporary.
Permanent Fillers
Fat transfer – Injecting the patient’s own fat which has been harvested via low-pressure liposuction. Because the fat is the patient’s own tissue, there is no absolutely no tissue reaction and, more often than not, it is more economical in the long run. In addition to the fill, fat has the added benefit of providing an improved skin appearance because of the rich source of stem cells it contains.
For any given procedure, anything from 20% to 80% of the fat augmentation will ‘take’ and become permanent. Occasionally, repeated fat injections from 6 to 12 months apart may be required deliver optimal results over time. Autologous fat (taken from your own body) is currently my preferred substance to permanently add volume to the face and body. It is soft, natural and absolutely safe. However, fat transfer involves a short procedure as opposed to a simple injection and there is associated swelling for a number of weeks postoperatively. This is the price of permanency.
ArteFill – Unlike its earlier predecessor Artecoll, is a synthetic permanent filler that produces extremely natural and soft results. Dr Haworth has had over three years of unsurpassed experience with this injectable without any untoward results. This may be an attractive alternative for those wishing to achieve facial volume augmentation but cannot afford the initial time and expense involved with fat transfer. Fat will ultimately prove to be the most economically viable option in the long run as well as provide subtle adjuvant benefits such as improvement in both skin texture and appearance.
Polyacrylamide gels (PAG) – Such as Bio-Alcamid® and Aquamid® represent the latest in permanent filler technology and, despite the fact that they are available in Europe and beyond, are not yet FDA-approved for US usage. PAG’s possess distinct advantages over other currently available fillers. They not only produce very natural results, but are permanent, safe and removable.
Polyvinyl alcohol based gels (Bioinblue®) – Provide another alternative for lip voluming. These are long-lasting and, again, produce natural results. However, they are not yet available in the US and their safety has not yet been proven.
Temporary Fillers
Among the temporary fillers are a bewildering array of highly marketed fillers on the market, mainly of the Hylauronic acid variety:
Collagen-based products (Zyplast™, Zyderm™, Cosmoplast™, Isolagen™, etc.) – Last anywhere from 6 weeks to 3 months. They produce nice results, but they have been essentially supplanted by the Hyaluronic acid derivatives (HAD), which are sugars naturally found in the body. This is because HAD’s last longer.
Hyaluronic acid derivatives (HAD) last anywhere between 3-8 months . Initially, they were more painful to inject than collagen, but new products, such as Juvederm XC™ will help tackle that problem since it is one of the first HAD to come premixed with a numbing agent. Other HAD’s available in the US which come premixed with a numbing agent include Restylane™, Captique™ and Hyalform®
A brand new one called Belotero® produces beautiful results especially around the eye area since it minimizes the chance of the Tyndall effect appearing. This is an annoying complication whereby the substance swells up due to its water retention capacity which, in turn, imparts a swollen, puffy look around the eyes along with a bluish tinge. One of the advantages of HAD is that it is easily reversible with an enzyme called hyaluronidase (Wydase).
Candidates for Fat Transfer

Injectable filler or fat can help improve the skin’s texture by filling in the laugh lines and facial creases that often occur with aging.
The most appropriate candidates for injected fat grafts:
- Are in good health
- Do not smoke
- Have realistic expectations of what fat grafting can and cannot achieve. For example, it will not substitute for a facelift, but will produce beautiful and natural softening of the face and its associated age-related folds.
- Have the time available for healing and resolution of bruising (usually 10-21 days).
What fat transfers cannot do is:
- Smooth skin that is excessively slack or loose
- Tighten skin
- Remove age spots
- Eradicate fine lines often stemming from sundamage and age
Related procedures:
Since fat injections require liposuction as a preparatory step, many patients choose to have them done at the same time as liposuction surgery.
EXPECTATIONS
Of course, individual results can vary, but fat augmentation will deliver a smooth, fresh, rejuvenated look that can last to your grave. Unlike other fillers however that eventually wear away completely, a certain percentage of fat will vascularise and become permanent. It is a living graft and contrary to popular myth will not go away if properly performed. How much stays depends on the individual patient and sites, but anywhere between 20-90% will live indefinitely.
Occasionally a second fat transfer is warranted to attain desired goals, especially in the lips. But, as time goes by and skin sags with loss of volume and elasticity, augmented lines and indentations may reappear and new ones may manifest. In addition to enhancing youthful convexities and improving skin tone, fat transfer to correct concavities of the temples, forehead, mid-cheeks, upper eyes (to minimize a deep-set eye), lower eyelid “tear troughs”, nasolabial folds.
Fat can be used to diminish the jowls (by placing it in front of and behind them), enhance the chin, cheeks, lips and brows as well as correct nasal irregularities.
PRE-OPERATIVE CONSULTATION
The pre-operative consultation is where you meet with Dr. Haworth and our staff to review your health, finalize the details of your procedures, order appropriate tests, prescribe medications, discuss your aftercare and answer any questions you may have.
All patients are required to take standard blood tests within 6 weeks of surgery. This can be arranged at the same time as your pre-op consultation.
To the consultation, we ask that you bring the following:
- Any appropriate health records related to the list of conditions noted above.
- Any radiological test results including regular Xrays and CAT scans that may have been taken.
For patients over 45, we may also require that you provide the following:
- full medical clearance
- EKG
Alternatively, we can coordinate this for you.
CRITICAL PRE-OP CAUTIONARY NOTE
It is absolutely essential that that you avoid all aspirin, aspirin-related, ibuprofen or blood-thinning medications for 2 full weeks prior to your surgery. In your pre-op consultation, we will give you a complete list of these drugs. For our patients, we also provide a password-protected link allowing you to download the list onto your computer. If in doubt about a specific medication, do not take it, call the office first and ask if it is on the forbidden list.
PROCEDURE AND RECOVERY LOGISTICS
SURGERY DURATION: Anywhere from 30-120 minutes, depending on the number and volume of areas to be augmented and what other procedures the patient is having at the same time.
ANESTHESIA: Sedated
As you wake up from surgery, you will be bruised and swollen. Any pain you will feel should be of a minimal degree. Besides, prescription painkillers will easily control any discomfort.
POST-OPERATIVE CARE
You will need to keep your activities to a minimum for a few days.
In person and in your post-op information packet, we shall explain everything you need to know for your aftercare at home that will include:
- medications (prescription and homeopathic)
- cleaning incision sites
- head elevation
- cooling
To aid your recovery you’ll want to rest as much as possible and:
- Keep your head gently elevated (above your heart-level)- even while sleeping – for at least 10-14 days after surgery.
- Sleep on your back or side.
- Avoid strenuous activity – including exercise, sex and heavy housework – for at least 7-10 days.
- Avoid steam baths, and saunas for at least 6 weeks or until the doctor gives you the OK.
- Avoid alcohol and aspirin products for 14 days before and after the surgery.
During healing, you may experience:
- Swelling at both the donor and injection sites that will last from 2 to 3 weeks
- Overcorrection or exaggerated swelling of the fat-grafted sites – even after the initial swelling subsides. This will generally diminish from 4-12 weeks. However, the worst swelling is gone by the third postoperative day. It is not uncommon for a patient to love their look while they are quite swollen and become slightly disappointed when all the swelling dissipates. Patients that fall into this category tend to be very thin or atrophic in their face to begin with.
- Bruising usually reaches its peak during the 3-4th day, and generally takes about two weeks to a month to completely fade away.
- Numbness which is transient in nature.
- Magnified asymmetry in the first 1-3 weeks after surgery.
Fleetingly rare complications may include:
- Infection
- Hematoma (blood collection below the skin)
- Paralysis
- Blindness
Recovery time:
Aside from some swelling, fat grafts in themselves do not require any pronounced recovery period. Whatever recovery time you need will depend on the extent of your initial liposuction procedure and your individual threshold to appearing in public.
For best results optimum outcome depends on you by:
- Following all post-op instructions to the letter
- Sleeping on your back
- Avoiding all sun exposure on your neck, breasts and decolletage until all bruising has gone